First conditional

Rules

• Rule 1: Present simple after if

  In the if part we use the present simple, not will, even though we are talking about the future. With he / she / it add -s.

  Pattern: If + subject + present simple

  Example: If Elif comes, we will play chess.

  Example: If I have time, I will call you.

• Rule 2: will in the result

  In the result part we use will / won't + base verb.

  Pattern: subject + will / won't + base verb

  Example: If we leave now, we will catch the bus.

  Example: If it's cold, we won't swim.

• Rule 3: Negative condition

  If the if part is negative, use don't / doesn't, not won't.

  Pattern: If + subject + don't / doesn't + base verb

  Example: If you don't wear gloves, your hands will get cold.

  Example: If he doesn't hurry, he will miss the train.

• Rule 4: Order and comma

  The two parts can change places. If the if part comes first, use a comma. If it comes second, no comma is needed.

  Example: If you help me, I'll help you.

  Example: I'll help you if you help me.

Common mistakes

• If it will rain, we will stay home. → If it rains, we will stay home.

  No will in the if part.

• If he run, he will win. → If he runs, he will win.

  he → runs.

• If you won't come, I will be sad. → If you don't come, I will be sad.

  Negative if part → don't / doesn't.