there was / there were (vardı / yoktu)

Kurallar

• Kural 1: Tek ya da sayılamayan → there was

  Tek bir şey ya da sayılamayan bir şey (water, snow, milk, noise) için there was kullanırız.

  Kalıp: There was + a / an / some + tekil ya da sayılamayan isim

  Örnek: There was a dog in the garden this morning. (Bu sabah bahçede bir köpek vardı.)

  Örnek: There was some water on the floor. (Yerde biraz su vardı.)

• Kural 2: Çoğul → there were

  Birden fazla şey için there were kullanırız. Arkasından çoğul isim gelir.

  Kalıp: There were + çoğul isim

  Örnek: There were five apples in the bag. (Torbada beş elma vardı.)

  Örnek: There were a lot of birds on the roof. (Çatıda çok kuş vardı.)

• Kural 3: “Yoktu” → there wasn't / there weren't

  Olumsuz için not ekleriz: there wasn't (tekil), there weren't (çoğul). “Hiç” anlamında any ya da no kullanılır: There were no … = Hiç … yoktu.

  Kalıp: There wasn't a / any … · There weren't any … · There was / were no …

  Örnek: There wasn't any sugar in my tea. (Çayımda hiç şeker yoktu.)

  Örnek: There weren't any clouds in the sky. (Gökyüzünde hiç bulut yoktu.)

• Kural 4: Soru → Was there / Were there

  Soru için was / were başa geçer. Kısa cevap: Yes, there was. / No, there weren't. Sayı ve miktar sormak için: How many … were there? How much … was there?

  Kalıp: Was there a …? · Were there any …? · How many … were there?

  Örnek: Was there a cat at the farm? — Yes, there was. (Çiftlikte kedi var mıydı? — Evet, vardı.)

  Örnek: Were there any kids at the beach? — No, there weren't. (Plajda hiç çocuk var mıydı? — Hayır, yoktu.)

Sık yapılan hatalar

• There had a big tree in our garden. → There was a big tree in our garden.

  “Vardı” derken had değil, there was kullanılır. (Sahiplik ayrı: We had a big tree = Büyük bir ağacımız vardı.)

• There was many people at the zoo. → There were many people at the zoo.

  many people çoğul → were.

• Did there any milk? → Was there any milk?

  Soru Was / Were ile kurulur, did ile değil.